Scientology is unique among religions, especially concerning popular culture. Never before has there been a religion formed by pop culture, in the way L. Ron Hubbard's science fiction writing formed Scientology. Had Hubbard not been a face in pop culture at the time of Dianetics' release, it is doubtful that Scientology would have been born at all. Its unique history has led to Scientology having a very strange relationship with the media. No other religion relies on celebrity and advertising to gain membership quite like Scientology. Though their presence in the media has grown their population over the years, the Church of Scientology also suffers due to its exposure. Much of the press it receives is negative; though public relations personnel are dedicated to extinguishing this, it is a constant battle. The church's inability to take public criticism perpetuates further negative press against Scientology and its members. Allegations are seldom confirmed, though the church's vehement denial seems to reflect poorly its character.